Monday, March 2, 2009

Small Leaved Lime and Large Leaved Lime

By Kaitlyn Addison

The silver lime is a native of south-eastern Europe, where it occurs in the Balkan Peninsula and as far cast as the southern Ukraine. It is found in oak forests, and frequently on limestone hills. It has moderate requirements of soil properties and moisture, and has done very well in the parks and streets of western and central European cities; it has also proved to be far more tolerant of the dry and smoky atmosphere of the cities than the local species of lime.

It grows to a height of 25 to 30 metres and, under forest competition, develops a long, straight bole; open-grown forms have a short, stout trunk with large, broadly ovoid crown. It may live to an age of 500 to 800 years. Centuries-old solitary trees in the country afford not only shade and respite from the heat, but also a lovely sight for the eyes to feast on. The small-leaved lime is one of the latest-flowering trees.

When the yellowish-green flowers appear in July, their heady fragrance spreads far and wide. They are visited by bees, and the tree is thus of importance for honey production. The rounded leaves have rusty hairs in the axils of the veins on the underside. The globose fruit has a smooth, thin shell. Small- leaved lime stands up well to hard pruning, and is highly prized for planting in avenues. The soft, whitish wood is used for making pencils and for woodcarvings. The bast fibres are used in gardening for tying, and for making plaited article.

Despite this, the common ash is tolerant of soil and situation and, in Britain at least, it often occurs on thin limestone or chalk soils. Although shade-tolerant when young, older trees require abundant light.

The large-leaved lime grows to a greater height and attains greater dimensions than its relative. Specimens as much as 30 to 33 metres high are not unknown; very old, solitary trees have trunks up to 3 to 4 metres thick. It is said that the large- leaved lime may live longer than a thousand years. For this reason, it is popularly planted on hilltops, or beside isolated homesteads, monuments, or churches, and in parks and avenues. The large-leaved lime flowers some 10 to 14 days sooner than the small-leaved lime, and mixed plantings of the two species prolong the period for bee-feeding to a full month.

The horse-chestnut thrives best in rich, moist soil, but is tolerant of poor light and pollution. In severe winters it can be slightly damaged by frost. The wood is not considered of much value. - 16035

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